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PRE-INTERMEDIATE, UNIT 14

ADDITIONAL GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY EXERCISES

Грамматика Past Perfect Reported Statements

Упражнения A B C D E F G H I J K L M

Past Perfect

Замечание

Обратите внимание на использование Past Perfect и Past Simple в следующих предложениях.

When I got home, John cooked a meal.
(First I got home, then John cooked.)
When I got home, John had cooked a meal.
(John cooked a meal before I got home.)

Reported Statements
Косвенная речь

Правило состоит в том, что глагол как бы сдвигается на "одно время назад".

Present >> Past

"I love you" >> He said he loved me.
"I'm going out now" >> Ann said she was going out.

Present Perfect >> Past Perfect

"We've met before." >> She said they'd met before.

Past Simple >> Past Perfect

"We met in 1987." >> He said they'd met in 1987.

Will >> would

"I'll mend it for you." >> She said that she would mend it for me.

Can >> could

"I can swim." >> She said she could swim.

В вопросах с косвенной речью глагол также сдвигается на "одно время назад".

Present >> Past

"Do you like school?" >> He asked me if I liked school.

Present Perfect >> Past Perfect

"Have you met my wife?" >> He asked if I had met his wife.

Замечание

Порядок слов в косвенной речи в вопросительном предложении такой же как и в утвердительном. Здесь не используются вспомогательные глаголы do/does/did.

I am going home. He asked me where I was going.
She lives in Rome. I asked her where she lived.